| cerebrum | The cerebrum or telencephalon, together with the diencephalon, constitutes the forebrain. The cerebrum is the most anterior (or, in humans, most superior) region of the vertebrate central nervous system. Telencephalon refers to the embryonic structure from which the mature cerebrum develops. In mammals, the dorsal telencephalon, or pallium, develops into the cerebral cortex, and the ventral telencephalon, or subpallium, becomes the basal ganglia. The cerebrum is also divided into approximately symmetric left and right cerebral hemispheres [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrum]. | — |
| diencephalon | The posterior subdivision of the forebrain [Brenda]. | — |
| brain stem | The part of the brain composed of the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata and connecting the spinal cord with the forebrain and cerebrum [Brenda]. | — |
| cerebellum | A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe [Brenda]. | — |
| tract | A neural pathway, neural tract, or neural face, connects one part of the nervous system with another and usually consists of bundles of elongated, myelin-insulated neurons, known collectively as white matter. Neural pathways serve to connect relatively distant areas of the brain or nervous system, compared to the local communication of grey matter [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_pathway]. | neural pathway; neural tract; neural face |
| ventricular system | The ventricular system is a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_system]. | — |
| cerebrospinal fluid | The serumlike fluid that circulates through the ventricles of the brain, the cavity of the spinal cord, and the subarachnoid space, functioning in shock absorption.nA liquid that is comparable to serum but contains less dissolved material, that is secreted from the blood into the lateral ventricles of the brain by the choroid plexus, circulates through the ventricles to the spaces between the meninges about the brain and spinal cord, and is resorbed into the blood through the subarachnoid sinuses, and that serves chiefly to maintain uniform pressure within the brain and spinal cord [Brenda]. | — |
| meninges | The meninges (singular meninx from the Greek μá¿Î½Î¹Î³Î¾, "membrane") is the system of membranes which envelopes the central nervous system. In mammals, the meninges consist of three layers: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. The primary function of the meninges and of the cerebrospinal fluid is to protect the central nervous system [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meninges]. | — |
| dorsal column | In neuroanatomy, the dorsal column nuclei are a pair of nuclei in the brainstem. The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata. Both nuclei contain secondary neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway, which carries fine touch and proprioceptive information from the body to the brain. The gracile nucleus is medial to the cuneate nucleus; its neurons receive afferent input from dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons subserving the lower trunk and limbs, while neurons of the cuneate nucleus receive connections from dorsal root neurons innervating the upper body. Neurons of the dorsal column nuclei send axons that form the internal arcuate fibers, decussating (crossing to the opposite side) to form the medial lemniscus, ultimately synapsing with third-order neurons of the thalamus. Because each nucleus contains a large population of neurons, the dorsal column nuclei give rise to characteristic bumps or tubercles when viewing the posterior side of the intact brainstem. In particular, the cuneate nucleus gives rise to the cuneate tubercle, while the gracile nucleus gives rise to the gracile tubercle [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_column_nuclei]. | dorsal column nuclei |
| substantia gelatinosa | The apex of the posterior horn of the gray matter of the spinal cord is capped by a V-shaped or crescentic mass of translucent, gelatinous neuroglia, termed the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando (or SGR) (or gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord), which contains both neuroglia cells, and small nerve cells. The gelatinous appearance is due to a very low concentration of myelinated fibers.It is named after Luigi Rolando. It corresponds to Rexed lamina II [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substantia_gelatinosa_of_Rolando]. | substantia gelatinosa of Rolando; gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord |
| nucleus proprius | The Nucleus proprius is a layer of the spinal cord adjacent to the substantia gelatinosa. Nucleus proprius constitutes the bulk of the dorsal horn and receives inputs from the dorsal root ganglions that carry sensory information, such as light touch, as well as pain and temperature information. Cells in this nucleus project to deeper laminae of the spinal cord, to the posterior column nuclei, and to other supraspinal relay centers including the midbrain, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Rexed laminae III, IV, and V make up the nucleus proprius [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleus_proprius_of_spinal_cord]. | — |
| nucleus thoracicus | Clarke's column (column of Clarke, dorsal nucleus, posterior thoracic nucleus) is a group of interneurons found in Lamina VII, also known as the intermediate zone, of the spinal cord [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_thoracic_nucleus]. | posterior thoracic nucleus; Clarke's column; column of Clarke; dorsal nucleus; posterior thoracic nucleus |
| visceral column | A column of gray matter in the hindbrain and spinal cord of the embryo, represented in the adult by the dorsal nucleus of the vagus, the superior and inferior salivatory and Edinger-Westphal nuclei and the visceral motor neurones of the spinal cord [Wikipedia: http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?general+visceral+efferent+column]. | general viseral efferent column |
| lateral column | In the thoracic region, the postero-lateral part of the anterior column projects lateralward as a triangular field, which is named the lateral column (lateral cornu, lateral horn) [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord]. | — |
| intermediolateral column | The intermediolateral nucleus (IML) is a region of gray matter found in Rexed lamina VII of the spinal column [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediolateral_nucleus]. | — |
| intermediomedial column | The term intermediomedial cell column refers to a cell column that occupies the medial portion of lamina VII along the central canal of the spinal cord (Anthoney-1994; Carpenter-1983) [BrainInfo: http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1668]. | intermediomedial cell column; intermediomedial nucleus; nucleus intermediomedialis |
| sacral parasympathetic nucleus | — | — |
| ventral column | — | — |
| retrodorsolateral column | — | — |
| dorsomedial column | — | — |
| dorsolateral column | The posterolateral tract (fasciculus of Lissauer, Lissauer's tract, tract of Lissauer, dorsolateral fasciculus, dorsolateral tract, zone of Lissauer) is a small strand situated in relation to the tip of the posterior column close to the entrance of the posterior nerve roots [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterolateral_tract]. | posterolateral tract; fasciculus of Lissauer; Lissauer's tract; tract of Lissauer; dorsolateral fasciculus; dorsolateral tract; zone of Lissauer |
| phrenic nucleus | A nucleus comprised of motor neurones located in medial areas of the ventral horn of the spinal cord from about C3 to C6; axons of neurones in this nucleus innervate the diaphragm [Mondofacto: http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?phrenic+nucleus]. | — |
| ventrolateral column | — | — |
| ventromedial column | The axons in the ventromedial column of the spinal cord that are involved in the control of posture and locomotion and are under brain stem control [Quizlet: http://quizlet.com/dictionary/ventromedial%2Bpathway/]. | — |
| accessory nucleus | The spinal accessory nucleus lies within the cervical spinal cord (C1-C5) in the ventral horn. The nucleus ambiguus is classically said to provide the "cranial component" of the accessory nerve [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_accessory_nucleus]. | — |
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