30% Dietary restriction | 30% dietary restriction starting at 2 months of age increases overall, average, median and maximal lifespan. Knockout of Ghr failed to respond with lifespan extension to this regimen [16682650]. | Mouse | — | — | — |
Intermittent fasting | Intemittent fasting diet increases survivorship and improves insuli sensitivity of normal males, but fails to affect either parameter in GHRKO mice [19747233]. | Mouse | — | — | — |
Dietary restriction by 1% yeast medium | Dietary restriction by be reducing yeast content in medium to 1% extends the lifespan [19968629]. | Fly | — | — | — |
High sugar low protein diet | A high sugar low protein diet increases the lifespan, but not resistance to acute oxidative stress [22672579]. | Fly | — | — | — |
Low calorie diet with low-sugar content | A diet with low-calorie and low-sugar content increase the lifespan, but not resistance to acute oxiditive stress [22672579] | Fly | — | — | — |
Restriction of yeast | Restriction of yeast, the major source of protein in the lfy diet, robustly extends lifespan [15186745; 16000018]. | Fly | — | — | — |
Methionine restriction | A diet with reduced methionine content extends lifespan and increases body fat [15924568]. | Mouse | — | — | — |
Methionine restriction | Restriction of the methionine content in the culture extends mean and maximum lifespan by up to 29 and 16% (1/10 methionine content) [15141092]. | Yeast | +29 | — | +16 |
Dietary restriction on high-fat diet | Dietary restriction on a high-fat diet increases both mean and maximum lifespan by 36% compared to the high-fate diet control group [22509016]. | Mouse | +36 | — | +36 |
Moderate DR | Moderate DR is the restriction of glucose concentration from 2% (*ad libitum*) to 0.5%, which extends the mean, median and maximum replicative lifespan by 45 - 52%, 43 - 50% and 50 - 52%, respectively [23172144]
Moderate DR increases vacuolar acidity in young cells and prevents the decline of vacuolar acidity in aging cells. DR also suppresses mitochondrial dysfunciton of aged cells (21 divisions) in a V-ATPase-dependent manner [23172144].
Constitutively activating PKA signaling by deleting the Ras GTPase-activating protein IRA2 reduces vacuolar acidity and accelerates the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging cells and prevents DR-mediated enhancement of vacuolar acidity and suppression of mitochondrial dysfunction [23172144].
Lifespan extension by DR is prevented in a strain lacking V-ATPase activity [23172144]. | Yeast | +45.2 to +51.7 | +42.9 to +50.0 | +50.0 to +52.0 |