NPT1 deletion | NPT1 deletion decreases replicative lifespan by 50% [17482543] as well as chronological lifespan [17110466]. Deletion of NPT1 shortens the lifespan in W303R. Replicative lifespan extension of cdc25-10 mutation (assumed to act as a genetic DR-mimetic) is cancelled out by NPT1 deletion [11000115].
NPT1 mutation results in loss of telomere and rDNA silencing [10841563], an effect that is likely caused by a loss of SIR2 activty due to decreased NAD levels. Mutation of NPT1 is synthetical lethal with mutation of QPT1 [11000115]. | Yeast | -50 | — | — |
YME1 deletion | Deletion of YME1 decreases chronological lifespan by 50% [17492370] as well as replicative lifespan by 45% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Yeast | -45 to -50 | — | — |
ACO1 deletion | Deletion of ACO1 decreases mean chronological lifespan by 42 - 56% in diploid cells [21447998]. | Yeast | -42 to -56 | — | — |
AKR1 deletion | Deletion of AKR1 decreases replicative lifespan by 40% in the alpha strain [18340043]. Replicative lifespan decreased by 50% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Yeast | -40 to -50 | — | — |
SOD1 deletion | Deletion of SOD1 decreases replicative lifespan by 40% [17460215]. Cells with a deletion of SOD1 exhibit a profound defect in entry into and survival during stationary phase (i.e. chronological lifespan) in the W303-B strain [8647826; 10222047], which is suppressed by expression of human Bcl-2 [9199172]. Deletion of SOD1 shortens replicative lifespan by approximately 40%. The magnitude of the decrease in lifespan does not appear to dependent on oxygen concentration in the atmosphere [12020810]. Deletion of SOD1 shortens replicative lifespan [10547026] Deletion of SOD1 shortens replicative as well as chronological lifespan [10222047].
Hypersensitivity to oxygene and significantly decreased replicative lifespan of SOD1 deletion can be ameliorated by exogenous ascorbate. If acorbate's negative effects of auto-oxidation are prevented by exchange of medium, ascorbate prolongs mean and maximum replicative lifespan in the atmosphere of air and pure oxygene [15621721].
SOD1 deletion causes sensitivity to hyperoxia as well as methionine and lysine auxotrohies [9199172]. | Yeast | -40 | — | — |
ARP1 deletion | Deletion of ARP1 decreases replicative lifespan by 40% in the alpha strain [18340043; 19030232]. | Yeast | -40 | — | — |
HAP5 deletion | Deletion of HAP5 shortens replicative lifespan by approximately 40%. This is not a premature aging phenotype as "old" HAP5 cells do not become premature sterile or exhibit other biomarkers of yeast aging [9271578]. HAP5 null mutants are unable to grow on a non-fermentable carbon source [7828851]. | Yeast | -40 | — | — |
YBR225W deletion | Deletion of YBR225W decreases replicative lifespan by 40% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Yeast | -40 | — | — |
NTH2 deletion | Deletion of NTH2 shortens mean chronological lifespan by 39% (at 30 degree Celsus in BY4742) [22783207].
NTH2 mutant cells have elevated trehalose concentration before they enter the non-proliferative stationary growth phase which remained high during the stationary phase. NTH2 deletion cells have no altered ROS levels in pre-quiescent cells [22783207]. | Yeast | -39 | — | — |
GTR1 deletion | GTR1 deletion decreases mean and maximum replicative lifespan under AL by 36 and 51%, respectively, and cancels out the lifespan extending effect of DR [22912585]. | Yeast | -36 | — | -51 |
YOL092W deletion | Deletion of YOL092W decreases mean and maximum replicative lifespan by 36 and 21%, respectively. Lifespan of YOL092Y deletion mutants is extended by 0.5% glucose restriction [22912585]. | Yeast | -36 | — | -21 |
CHL1 deletion | CHL1 deletion mutant exhibits a shortened mean and maximum lifespan by 36 and 29%, respectively, as well as hypersensitivity to heat stress. CHL1 may modulate transcriptional silencing in the presence of Sir proteins [16182251]. | Yeast | -36 | — | -29 |
ERG5 deletion | Deletion of ERG5 decreases replicative lifespan by 35% in the a strain [18340043], but increases mean chronological lifespan by 26 - 116% (26, 40, 43, 62, 116) in diploid cells [21447998]. Deletion of ERG5 cancels out the replicative lifespan extension of 0.5% glucose restriction [18690010]. | Yeast | -35 to +116 | — | — |
GIN4 deletion | Deletion of GIN4 decreases replicative lifespan by 35% in the alpha strain [18340043; 19030232]. | Yeast | -35 | — | — |
MTC5 deletion | Deletion of MTC5 decreases replicative lifespan by 35% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Yeast | -35 | — | — |
YDR132C deletion | Deletion of YDR132C decreases replicative lifespan by 35% in the alpha strain [19030232]. | Yeast | -35 | — | — |
CAT5 deletion | Deletion of CAT5 decreases chronological lifespan by up to 50% [17492370] and also decreases replicative lifespan by 30% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Yeast | -30 to -50 | — | — |
MRL4 deletion | MRS4 deletion decreases mean replicative lifespan by 30% in the alpha strain and 40% in a strain [18340043; 19030232]. | Yeast | -30 to -40 | — | — |
PHB1 deletion | Deletion of PHB1 results in a slight reduction in mean and maximum replicative lifespan and a defect in mitochondrial membrane potential. When both PHB1 and PHB2 genes are deleted, the mean replicative lifespan is reduced by one third (30%) that of the wild-type strain [9259555]. Deletion of PHB1 decreases replicative lifespan by 20% [12882345]. Phenotypic changes characteristic of aging cells (e.g. lengthening of cell cycle and specific morphological changes) suggests that PHB1;PHB2 double mutants undergo premature aging, not simply reduction of viability [9259555].
There is no reduction in stress resistance or bulk growth rate in PHB1 mutants. PHB1;PHB2 double mutant have a strong defect in mitochondrial potential, while PHB1 mutant have only a slight defect [9259555]. PHB1 deletion is synthetical lethal with mutation of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins, Mdm12, Mdm10, or Mmm1 [9632789]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
PHB2 deletion | PHB2 deletion leads to a slight reduction in both mean and maximum replicative lifespan, and when both PHB1 and PHB2 genes are deleted, the mean replicative lifespan is reduced by 40% [9259555]. Deletion of PHB2 decreases replicative lifespan by 30% [12882345]. Phenotypic changes characteristic of aging cells (e.g. lengthening of cell cycle and specific morphological changes) suggests that PHB1;PHB2 double mutants undergo premature aging, not simply reduction of viability [9259555].
PHB2 mutants exhibit no reduction in stress resistance or bulk growth rate. PHB1;PHB2 double mutant have a strong defect in mitochondrial potential [9259555].
Prohibitin-dependent mutation pbd1 and pdb2 behave in a different manner and probaly affect different aspects of prohibitin function. pdb1 mutants slightly extended lifespan by 11%, whereas in contrast, the pdb2 mutation results in a shortening in both the mean- and the maximum-lifespan (by 28 and 17%, respectively). pdb1 mutation also reduces chronological lifespan. Reducing the expression of the PHB2 in the pbd mutants retards the rate of growth and affects replicative lifespan [16710639]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
RAD9 deletion | Deletion results in mutants with a 2-fold decrease in mean and maximum chronological lifespan under conditions of nutrient depletion [17710147]. Mutation of RAD9 shortens lifespan by 30% in DBY747 [7806576] and in strain W303 [11290710].
RAD9 mutation has no effect on telomeric silencing or length [10924458]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
SIR3 deletion | Deletion of SIR3 shortens replicative lifespan by approximately 20% [10521401]. SIR3 mutants exhibit a loss of silencing at the silent mating loci [6098447; 3297920] and telomerease [1913809] and have a slighlty elevuated level of rDNA marker loss [10521401]. The lifespan reduction of SIR3 deletion is suppressed by preventing mating type heterozygosity and is therefore probably due to the simultaneous expression of a and alpha mating-type information, which indirectly causes an increase in rDNA recombination and likely increases the production of extrachromosomal rDNA circles [10521401]. Deletion of SIR3 itself has little effect on lifespan, although it markedly accelerates the increase in cell generation time that occurs during aging [10512855]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
SIR2 mutation | Deletion of SIR2 shortens replicative lifespan by approximately 30%. Deletion of SIR2 causes genomic instability at rDNA array [2647300] and shortens replicative lifespan by 50% [11000115]. 0.5% glucose restriction fails to increase the short lifespan of sir2Delta [11000115] probably duo to hyperaccumulations of extrachromosomal rDNA circles (ERCs) [16311627]. 0.1% glucose restriction extends replicative lifespan of sir2 mutants [12213553]. 0.5, 0.1 and 0.05% glucose restriction are able to increase lifespan of sir2;fob1 double mutant to a greater extent than in wild-type [15328540]. Sir2 blocks extreme chronological lifespan extension as the lack of Sir2 along with DR and/or mutations in the yeast AKT homolog, Sch9, or Ras pathways causes a dramatic chronological lifespan extension (6-fold) [16286010]. Sir2 inhibits formation of ERCs and acts on histones as well metabolic enzymes among others [15684413].
Chronological lifespan of sir2 deletion mutant is significantly extended compared with wild-type in water (extreme DR) but not in saturated cultures containing 2% glucose (ad libitum).
SIR2 mutants are defective for telomere [1913809] and HM silencing [6098447; 3297920]. have increased rDNA recombination [2647300] and a loss of rDNA silencing [9009207; 9009206]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
YIA6 deletion | Deletion of YIA6 decreases replicative lifespan by 30% in the a strain [18340043]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |
WSC4 deletion | Deletion of WSC4 decreases replicative lifespan by 30% in the alpha strain [18340043]. | Yeast | -30 | — | — |