| Gclm | Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit | Overexpression of Gclm extends the mean lifespan by up to 24% [16148000]. | Fruit fly |
| GCN4 | Transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic genes in response to amino acid starvation; expression is tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and translational levels | Deletion of GCN4 increases the replicative lifespan by 10% in the alpha strain [19030232].
GCN4 deletion decreases the lifespan in the alpha and a strain [20657825].
The chronological lifespan of GCN4 deletion is strongly decreased in the a strain [20421943]. | Budding yeast |
| GHR | growth hormone receptor | Individuals with low GH/IGF-I signaling due to a defect in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) are protected against cancer. Among the human individuals with a defect in GHR no cancer deaths were observed. GHR deficiency does not appear to extend lifespan because it is associated with increased risk of heart disease [21325617]. Variants in GHR were found to be associated with longevity [19489743]. | Human |
| GHRHR | growth hormone releasing hormone receptor | GHRHR was found to be associated with longevity [22406557]. GHRHR was not found to be associated with longevity [19489743]. | Human |
| GHSR | growth hormone secretagogue receptor | GHSR was found to be associated with longevity [22406557]. | Human |
| Gr63a | Gustatory receptor 63a | Gr63a loss-of-function in female flies leads to 30% extended mean lifespan, increased fat deposition, and enhanced resistance to some (but not all) environmental stresses. Lifespan of males is not extended [20422037].
Overexpression of Gr63a has modest negative effect on lifespan [20422037]. | Fruit fly |
| GSR | glutathione reductase | GSR was found to be associated with longevity [22406557]. | Human |
| GstS1 | Glutathione S transferase S1 | GstS1 overexpression increases the mean lifespan by 33% [18059160]. | Fruit fly |
| GSTT1 | glutathione S-transferase theta 1 | Deletion in the GSTT1 was examined in 94 nonagenarians and centenarians and 418 control subjects of younger age. A significant difference in the proportion of nonagenarians and centenarians homozygotes for the deletion was observed in comparison to control subjects [11162685].GSTT1 was found to be associated with longevity [11162685]. GSTT1 was found to be associated with longevity [16574194]. GSTT1 was not found to be associated with longevity [11162685]. GSTT1 was not found to be associated with longevity [15195682]. | Human |
| hebe | — | Adult-specific overexpression of hebe increases the lifespan by 5-30% and modulates late-age female fecundity. Female and male mean lifespan is up to 11% and 24% higher [19011900]. | Fruit fly |
| HFE | hemochromatosis | C282Y, H63D and S65C polymorphisms in the HFE gene were studied in 106 young controls (age range from 22 to 55 years; 40 men and 66 women) and 35 elderly subjects (age range from 91 to 105 years; seven men and 28 women). A significant difference was observed only in women in frequencies of C282Y alleles between the young and the elderly subjects. Concerning H63D polymorphisms, no significant differences were observed, between old and young people [11857056].HFE was found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was found to be associated with longevity [12714263]. HFE was not found to be associated with longevity [11857056]. HFE was not found to be associated with longevity [12714263]. | Human |
| HLA-DQA1 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 | olymorphisms in HLA class II alleles of Okinawan centenarians were analyzed. DQA10101=0104 and DQA105 alleles were significantly increased in the centenarians [9389323].HLA-DQA1 was found to be associated with longevity [9389323]. HLA-DQA1 was found to be associated with longevity [9389323]. HLA-DQA1 was not found to be associated with longevity [17714903]. | Human |
| HLA-DQB1 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 | Polymorphisms in HLA class II alleles of Okinawan centenarians were analyzed. DQB105 and DQB103 alleles were significantly increased in the centenarians [9389323].HLA-DQB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9389323]. HLA-DQB1 was not found to be associated with longevity [17714903]. | Human |
| HLA-DRB1 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 | Polymorphisms in the HLA-DRB1 gene in Okinawan centenarians were analyzed. DRB1*1401 allele was significantly increased in the centenarians while DRB1*0101 and DRB1*1201 alleles were slightly decreased [9389323].HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9425225].HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9425225]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9425225]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9425225]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [9389323]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [12581796]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [12581796]. HLA-DRB1 was found to be associated with longevity [20426625]. HLA-DRB1 was not found to be associated with longevity [16269080]. | Human |
| HMOX1 | heme oxygenase (decycling) 1 | A (GT)n repeat polymorphism in the promoter region of the human HO-1 gene was examined in younger (60 years, 59 male and 45 female) and older (60-75 years, 95 male and 106 female) subjects. The proportion of allelic frequencies in class L with a large size of (GT)n repeat, as well as the genotypic frequencies in group I with class L alleles, was significantly lower in the oldest male subjects than in the younger males. In contrast, in the oldest female subjects this was not observed [12566526].HMOX1 was found to be associated with longevity [12566526]. | Human |
| hsa-let-7a | microRNA let-7a | A tumor-suppressor downregulated in different types of cancer. Let-7a binds to 3'-UTR region of RAB40C, thus leading to a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase of G1 arrest in human gastric carcinomas [20809749, 21349817]. In human breast cancer, evidence suggests that members of let-7 family inhibit breast cancer cell migration by targeting genes responsible for actin dynamics [23339187]. Moreover, let-7a directly targets CCR7, a receptor that promotes invasiveness of cancer cells [23335963] | Human |
| hsa-let-7b | microRNA let-7b | Let-7b, a member of the let-7 group, appears to be a tumor-suppressor. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, let-7b is severely downregulated and its overexpression inhibits cancer cells growth [22918121]. In melanoma cells, the miRNA downregulates the expression of cell cycle regulators such as cyclin D1, D3, and A and Cdk4, which inhibits cell cycle progression. [18379589] | Human |
| hsa-let-7c | microRNA let-7c | let-7c is downregulated in prostate cancer, which increases cell proliferation [22479342]. More specifically, let-7c is a regulator of androgen receptor (AR), which plays a role in the development of prostate cancer [22128178]. | Human |
| hsa-let-7f | — | hsa-let-7f is significantly upregulated in senescent human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) when compared to early passage hMSC [18493317]. | Human |
| Hsc70-3 | Heat shock protein cognate 3 | Overexpression of Hsc70-3 increases average female lifespan by 27% [18059160]. | Fruit fly |
| Hsp22 | Heat shock protein 22 | Overexpression of mitochondrial Hsp22 in all cells or specifically in motorneurons (using GAL4/UAS binary system) increases life lifespan by 32% and resistance to oxidative stress [19948727; 20036725].
Ubiquitous or a targeted expression of Hsp22 within motorneurons increases the mean lifespan by more than 30%. Hsp22 shows beneficial effects on early-aging events since the premortality phase displays the same increase as the mean lifespan [14734639].
Animals that do not express Hsp22 (due to a transposition into its transcriptional starting site) have a 40% decrease in lifespan, exhibit a 30% decrease in locomotor activity and are sensitive to mild stress [20036725].
Doxycyline-regulated overexpression of Hsp22 makes animals more sensitive to heat and oxidative stress as well as reduces the mean lifespan by up to 21%, particularly at higher culture temperature [15491684].
Hsp22-promoter driven reporter overexpression reduces mean and maximum lifespan [19420297].
Histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) extends the lifespan of *Drosophila melanogaster* by promoting the hsp22 gene transcription, and affecting the chromatin morphology at the locus of hsp22 gene along the polytene chromosome [15346199].
| Fruit fly |
| Hsp26 | Heat shock protein 26 | Overexpression of Hsp26 (by the UAS/GAL4 system) increases stress resistance and extends the mean lifespan by 30% [15308776]. | Fruit fly |
| Hsp27 | Heat shock protein 27 | Overexpression of Hsp27 (by the UAS/GAL4 system) increases stress resistance and extends the mean lifespan by 30% [15308776]. | Fruit fly |
| Hsp68 | Heat shock protein 68 | Overexpression of Hsp68 extends modestly (by around 15%) median and maximum lifespan [14602080]. Hsp68 is activated by the JNK pathway and target gene of foxo [20976250].
There is a consistent and significant lifespan extension by 20% in both males and females when hsp68 is overexpressed in somatic cells. hsp68 overexpression using GMR-Gal4, and eye-specific driver that expresses Gal4 in salivary glands has no effects. Hsp78 overexpression using the weaker 5961FS driver moderately but significantly extends lifespan [20976250]. | Fruit fly |
| Hsp70Ba | Heat-shock-protein-70Ba | Hsp70Ba overexpression reduces mean and maximum lifespan up to 30% [19420297].
hsp70 and hsp22 RNA levels are higher in long-lived than in short-lived fly lines. The HDAC inhibitor TSA causes a higher expression of hsp22 and hsp70, and strikingly influences the lifespan in both long and short-lived lines, with variable degrees (up to 25%) [15695762]. | Fruit fly |
