Factors

We need to know every factor which determines lifespan.

Lifespan factors often but not always originate from defined genetic elements. They are not just genes, by definition they can be anything for which a Classifications schema can be build for that is related to the regulation of lifespan, such entities may include Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, transcript variants, proteins and their complexes, compounds (i.e. small molecules like metabolites and drugs), etc. A factor should be based on a defined molecular entity or genomic position and been classified. It shall be highly flexible and scalable Concept.

While individual lifespan factors within each species or precise defined molecular entities will be captured within the Lifespan App, Data Entries of the Data App may summarize for instance the relevance of each factor class (e.g. homologous group; chemical derivate of related structure and properties, etc.) as well as draw overall conclusions. o

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  • symbol name observation species
    TUBB4B tubulin, beta 2C TUBB4B was found to be associated with longevity [22174011]. Human
    XRCC4 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 4 XRCC4 was found to be associated with longevity [16518718]. Human
    XRCC3 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 3 XRCC3 was found to be associated with longevity [16518718]. Human
    XRCC1 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 1 XRCC1 was found to be associated with longevity [16518718]. Human
    XRCC6 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6 The single-nucleotide polymorphism in rs132793 in XRCC6 has significant effect on telomere length, but it is not associated with longevity [21972126]. Human
    SIRT1 sirtuin 1 SIRT1 was found to be associated with longevity [21972126; 16257164; 16257164; 16257164; 16257164; 16257164; 21972126; 20633545]. SIRT1 was not found to be associated with longevity [16257164; 18765803].SIRT1 was found to be associated with longevity [23505545]. SIRT1 was found to be associated with longevity [23450480]. SIRT1 was not found to be associated with longevity [23450480]. Human
    IL6 interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2) The production of IL-6 is genetically controlled and age- and gender-dependent. IL-6 production bt aPBMC increases with age in C+ but not in C-subjects. [11772517]. Human
    MIR155 microRNA 155 mir-155 is significantly overexpressed in human breast cancer while targeting the miRNA could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as well as inhibit cell growth. [18719391]. Mir155 acts by repressing socs1, a tumor suppressor. In addition, inflammatory signals may activate miR155, thus suggesting that the miRNA serves as a link between inflammation and malignancy formation [20354188]. It is also upregulated in lung cancer and acts an oncogene by targeting Apaf1 and thus reducing apoptosis rate [22996741]. Inhibition of mir-155 radiosensitizes cancer cells [22027557]. Human
    MIR27A microRNA 27a MIR27A can be both a tumor-suppressor and an oncogene. For instance, the expression of miR-27a is significantly lower in acute leukemia compared to normal cells. It has been shown that miRNA-27a inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis by targeting 14-3-3θ, a member of 14-3-3 family of anti-apoptotic proteins. [23236401]. Therefore, it acts as a tumor-suppressor in leukemia. However, in gastric cancer mir-27a acts as an oncogene by targeting inhibiting and thus promoting cancer cell growth [18789835]. Human
    TNF tumor necrosis factor The frequency of the -308 polymorphism in the TNF gene was analyzed in 71 healthy elders, aged 80 to 96 years (mean 86.2 years). The control samples were obtained from 99 young (from 21 - 54 years; mean 35.2 years) healthy individuals unrelated to elders were studied, age ranged from 80 to 96 years (mean 86.2 years). The TNF2 allele was increased in the elder group when compared to young controls [16269080].TNF was found to be associated with longevity [20518833]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [18511747]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [12714268]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [12714268]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [12676903]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [11640949]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. TNF was not found to be associated with longevity [12676903]. TNF was found to be associated with longevity [16269080]. TNF was not found to be associated with longevity [11640949]. Human
    TH tyrosine hydroxylase Polymorphyc repeats in intron 1 (Short and Long alleles) of the TH gene were examined in 196 centenarians (143 females and 53 males) and 358 controls (196 females and 162 male; 10-85 years old). A significant loss of LL homozygous genotypes was found at the THO locus in male but not in female centenarians with respect to matched controls [9887369].TH was found to be associated with longevity [12297342]. TH was found to be associated with longevity [21407269]. TH was found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. TH was not found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. TH was found to be associated with longevity [11053670]. TH was found to be associated with longevity [17989723]. Human
    TGFB1 transforming growth factor, beta 1 4 SNPs (-800 G/A, -509 C/T, +869 T/C and +915 G/C) in the TGFB1 gene were analysed in 419 subjects from Northern and Central Italy, including 172 centenarians and 247 younger controls. Significant differences were found at the +915 site as far as the C allele and GC genotype were concerned, both of them being lower in centenarians than in young controls, but none of the other tested genetic variants was significantly different between centenarians and controls. Moreover, a particular haplotype combination (G -800/C -509/C 869/C 915) was notably lower in centenarians than in younger individuals [15569360].TGFB1 was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. TGFB1 was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. TGFB1 was found to be associated with longevity [15569360]. Human
    SLC6A4 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, serotonin), member 4 Two alleles, 44-bp insertion (l allele) or deletion (s allele) in the promoter region of SLC6A4, were examined in 265 Japanese centenarians and control subjects. The frequency of the l/l genotype and the l allele was significantly greater in centenarians than in younger control subjects, particularly women [16095668].SLC6A4 was found to be associated with longevity [22985157]. Human
    PPARG peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma The Pro/Ala polyporphism in the PPARG gene at codon 12 was studied in 222 long-lived subjects and 250 aged subjects. A different genotype frequency was observed between long-lived and aged men; no differences were observed in the two age groups of women [15236769].PPARG was found to be associated with longevity [15236769]. PPARG was found to be associated with longevity [22985084]. Human
    PON1 paraoxonase 1 Polymorphism at codon 192 (Gln/Arg) of the PON1 gene was examined in 256 healthy Caucasian men (69.8 +/- 4.0 years). Gln homozygotes are more frequent in aging than Arg allele carriers [12889841].PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [15050299]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [15050299]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [17903295]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [12082503]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [12082503]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [12082503]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [16799134]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [16799134]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [15050299]. PON1 was not found to be associated with longevity [15241482]. PON1 was found to be associated with longevity [15241482]. PON1 was not found to be associated with longevity [20362697]. PON1 was not found to be associated with longevity [18034366]. Human
    MTR 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase 329 healthy individuals were examined for 2576A-->G (D919G) polymorphism in the MTR gene. Prevalence of the G-allele was significantly higher in the older than in the younger individuals. Separate analysis of female and male subjects revealed that the influence of the MTR genotype on male subjects became relevant at a younger age as opposed to female subjects suggesting a gender-dependent effect [16142417]. Human
    MLH1 mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli) 3 SNPs in the coding region of MLH1 were analyzed in 85 Korean centenarians and in 106 Korean controls. The CAT haplotype (C670, A676 and T1172) frequency was significantly higher in the centenarians than in the controls [16474933]. MLH1 was found to be associated with longevity [22406557]. Human
    INSR insulin receptor 5 intronic and 1 exonic polymorphisms in the INSR gene were examined in 122 semisupercentenarians (older than 105, 107 female, 15 male, mean age 106.8 years) and 122 healthy younger controls (105 female, 17 male, mean age 33.33). One haplotype, which was comprised of 2 intronic SNPs in linkage disequilibrium, was more frequent in semisupercentenarians than in younger controls [15582274].INSR was found to be associated with longevity [15582274]. INSR was not found to be associated with longevity [15582274]. INSR was not found to be associated with longevity [19489743]. Human
    IL10 interleukin 10 The -1082G/A, -819C/T and -592C/A proximal promoter SNPs of the IL10 gene were examined in 190 centenarians (>99 years old, 159 women and 31 men) and in 260 control subjects (99 women and 161 men less than 60 years old). The -1082G homozygous genotype, associated with high IL-10 production, was increased in centenarian men but not in centenarian women. No difference was found between centenarians and control subjects regarding the other two SNPs [11857058].IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [20518833]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [12676903]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [12676903]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [11640949]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [11857058]. IL10 was found to be associated with longevity [15466015]. IL10 was not found to be associated with longevity [11640949]. Human
    IGF1R insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor The G/A, codon 1013 polymorphism was examined in healthy people 17-85 yr of age (n= 278; mean age, 54.8; 76 males and 202 females) and in healthy people 86-109 yr of age (n= 218; mean age, 98.0; 56 males and 162 females. The analysis revealed lower free IGF-I plasma levels in IGF1R A subjects (AG and AA genotypes) than in A- (GG genotype) subjects. A subjects were more represented among long-lived people than in young people [12843179].IGF1R was found to be associated with longevity [19489743]. IGF1R was found to be associated with longevity [12843179]. Human
    IGF2 insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A) A/G ApaI site SNP in the IGF2 gene was examined in 224 older (75 years) Jewish Jerusalem residents of Ashkenazi ethnicity (150 males and 74 females) and a group of 441 younger subjects (22 years). An increase in the A allele was observed in older Ashkenazi females and a highly significant increase was observed in the AA genotype in these subjects [15621215].IGF2 was found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. IGF2 was not found to be associated with longevity [19367319]. IGF2 was found to be associated with longevity [17989723]. IGF2 was found to be associated with longevity [15621215]. Human
    IFNG interferon, gamma The distribution of 874T/A polymorphism in the IFNG gene was examined in 174 Italian centenarians (>99 years old, 142 women and 32 men) and 248 <60-year-old control subjects (90 women and 158 men). The +874T allele, known to be associated with low IFN-gamma production, was found less frequently in centenarian women than in centenarian men or in control women whereas no significant differences were observed in the distribution of the two alleles between male or female controls. Allele frequencies in centenarian men were not found significantly different from male controls [11772518].IFNG was found to be associated with longevity [21299522]. IFNG was not found to be associated with longevity [11772518]. IFNG was found to be associated with longevity [11772518]. Human
    HSPA1L heat shock 70kDa protein 1-like The frequency of the T2437C transversion (Met to Thr) polymorphism in the HSPA1L gene was investigated in a healthy aged population of 100 control samples (59% female, 41% male with an age-range of 19-45 years) and 129 aged consecutive samples (70% female, 30% male with an age range of 80-97 years). The 2437T polymorphic nucleotide was observed to increase in the elderly, although not attaining statistical significance. The TT genotype was observed to be significantly increased within the aged population, while conversely the TC genotype was significantly decreased in the aged subjects [12742533].HSPA1L was found to be associated with longevity [12742533]. HSPA1L was found to be associated with longevity [16804002]. HSPA1L was found to be associated with longevity [16804002]. Human
    HSPA1B heat shock 70kDa protein 1A The A/G (1267 coding) polymorphism in the HSPA1B was examined in 426 participants of various ages Female carriers of GG genotype survive better than noncarriers [16804002]. Human
    HSPA1A heat shock 70kDa protein 1A (A/C)-110 polymorphism in the HSPA1A gene was examined in 591 subjects (263 males and 328 females; age range 18-109 years; 36 male and 84 female centenarians). A significant age-related decrease of the frequency of allele (A)-110 was observed in females, while no difference was observed in the males [14501185].HSPA1A was found to be associated with longevity [16804002]. HSPA1A was found to be associated with longevity [14501185]. HSPA1A was found to be associated with longevity [16804002]. HSPA1A was found to be associated with longevity [20388090]. HSPA1A was found to be associated with longevity [20388090]. Human
    Factors are an extension of GenAge and GenDR.

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