Denigma cartographies changes from the molecular level to whole physiology which occur in defined contrasts such as aging and dietary as well as genetic lifespan-extending interventions:
ID | name | taxid | reference | pmid | tissue | comparision | start | stop | gender | description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
59 | Deteriorarition of circadian rhytms | 10090 | Farajnia, et al 2012 | — | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | age | 2 month | 30 month | — | Aged mice have disrupted sleep hevaiour and weakened brain network activity in the SCN. Aged SCN neurons lack day-night rhythms in some membrane properties. There is an age-related reductions of certain potassium currents that are import to the neuronâs rhythmic firing. Behavioral and sleep-wake rhythms exhibit a strong fragmentation, starting at the age of 700 d. Aged mice are deficient in membrane properties and GABAergic postsynaptic current amplitude. Aging mice selectively loss circadian modulation of fast-delayed-rectifer and A-type K+ currents. In aged mice at the tissue level, the phase synchrony of SCN neurons was grossly disturbed, with some subpopulations peaking in anti-phase and a reduction in amplitude of the overall multiunit activity rhythm. |
60 | Protein aggregation | 6239 | — | 22103665 | whole body | age | 1 day | 11 day | hermaphrodites | protein aggreation accumulate in aged animals. Hundrets of protein are enriched in an SDS-insoluble fraction in aged nematode adn alre largely absent from similiar protein fraction in young nematodes. Genes encoding proteins that become insoluble with age are enriched for modifiers of lifespan [22103665]. |
62 | Fertility declines | 6239 | — | 20041217 | whole body | age | — | — | females | Fertility and reproduction sharply decline in early/mide-adulthood, folloed by a long post-reproductuve period, followed by a long-post-reproductive period [6,7 in 20041217]. |
63 | Fertility declines | 9606 | 20041217 | — | whole body | age | — | — | females | Female fertility declines in the mid-adulthood and reproduction ceases, followed by a long post-reproductive period [Refs in 20041217]. |
64 | Decrease in WNT gene expression | 9606 | RoSyBa 2011 | — | adipose-derived stem cells | age | 40 year | 60 year | females | A dramtic decrease in WNT gene expression occurs in Adipose-dreived stem cells from females at the age of 40-60 years [RoSyBa 2011]. |
65 | Protein expression variation increases | 4932 | Levy et al., 2012 | — | — | age | — | — | — | Transcripts tha become over- or under-expressed in old cells tend to result in protein levels that are more variable across cells in exponential growth [Levy et al., 2012]. |
66 | Tsl1 abundance increases | 4932 | Levy et al., 2012 | — | — | age | — | — | — | Replicative age correlates with a Tsl1-abundant cell state [Levy et al., 2012]. |
67 | Bone loss | 10090 | — | 13678781 | bone | age | 42 week | 104 week | male | In young mice the rapid growth is marked by substantial increase in bone size, mineral mass and mechanical properties. Maturation occurring between 12 and 42 weeks of age was characterized with the maintenance of bone mass and mechanical properties. From the peak levels, mice aged for 104 weeks exhibited decreased whole femur mass, percentage of mineralization diminished whole bone stiffness, energy to fracture and decreased cortical thickness. Periosteal perimeter and, consequently the cross-sectional moments of inertia continued to increase through 104 weeks, compensating for cortical thinning and increased brittleness due to decreased mineralization and stiffness. The shape of the mid-diaphysis became increasingly less elliptical in aged mice. After 52 weeks excessive endocortical resorption appeared, indicating a shift in normal mechanisms regulating bone shape and locating, suggestive of remodelling [13678781]. |
68 | Increase in upper and central body fat deposition | 9606 | — | 2921472 | — | age | — | — | — | There are progressive trends toward increasing upper and central body fat deposition with age with a postmenopausal acceleration of these trends in women [2921472]. |
69 | Loss of subcutaneous adipose skin layer | 10090 | — | 19013273 | skin | age | 5 | 165 | — | With increasing age the subcutaneous adipose layer becomes thinner (5-12 weeks vs. 123-165 weeks) and this loss is associated with increased risk of skin injuries and infections [19013273]. |
70 | IGF1 levels decline | 9606 | — | 3322823 | plasma | age | — | — | — | A decline in IGF1 expression occurs with age progression. Levels of circulating IGF1 in humans are low at birth, rise progressively during childhood and peak during midadolescence, and then progressively fall as a function of age. Reduction in levels of circulating IGR1 is related to decreased secretion of growth hormone [3322823]. |
71 | Telomere shortening | 10090 | — | 22585399 | — | age | — | — | — | Average telomere length decreases with age concomitant with an increase in short telomeres [22585399]. Mouse telomeres suffer a dramatic shortening at old ages [18283121;16582880]. |
72 | IGF2 level changes | 9606 | — | 3322823 | plasma | age | — | — | — | Circulating IGF2 reaches âadultâ levels early in childhood, and changes are relatively small as a function of increasing age [3322823]. |
73 | p16 expression increases | 10090 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | p16 levels increase with aging in many tissues [16957737;16957738] and is a marker of cellular senescence. |
75 | Metabolic and mitochondrial decline | 10090 | — | 22585399 | — | age | — | — | males/females | 2 years old mice exhibit metabolic and mitochondrial decline [22585399]. |
76 | OSH5 upregulation | 4932 | Gebre et al. unpublished | — | — | age | — | — | — | OSH5 level is up-regulated during aging by about 3-15-fold [Gebre et al. unpublished]. |
77 | Osh6 downregulation | — | Gebre et al., unpublished | — | — | age | — | — | — | Total cellular Osh6 levels decrease in aged cells. Osh6 in mid-aged cells is less than half of the Osh6 levels in young cells [Gebre et al., unpublished]. |
78 | Sir2 decline | 4932 | — | 21436897 | — | age | — | — | — | Sir2 levels exhibit an age-related decline at an age of about one thir lifespan expectancies [21436897]. |
79 | Vacuolar membrane deteriorates | 4932 | — | 18690010 | — | age | — | — | — | The vacuolar membrane deteriorates as judged by Vac8 localisation at or before generations 6-7. At generation 6-7, cells begin to exhibit large round vacoules and vacoules with invaginated vacoular membranes [18690010]. |
80 | Cisd2 expression declines | — | — | 22661501 | — | age | — | — | — | Cisd2 expression decreases with age [22661501]. |
81 | elt-5 expression increases | 6239 | 17608836 | 17608836 | — | age | — | — | — | Expression of elt-5 increases with during devleopment and aging [17608836]. |
82 | elt-6 expression increases | 6239 | — | 17608836 | — | age | — | — | — | Expression of elt-6 increases during devleopment and aging [17608836]. |
83 | elt-3 expression increases | 6239 | — | 17608836 | — | age | — | — | — | Expression of elt-3 increases during devleopment and aging [17608836]. |
89 | Chromosomal anomalies | 969 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | Chromosomal anomalies (rearrangements and aneuploidies) during cell division increases with age in cultured lymphocytes and fibroblasts [30,31 in Lauri et al. 2012]. |
90 | Accumulation of DNA damage | 10090 | — | — | — | age | — | — | — | DNA damage accumulates with age in mouse hematopoietic stem cells [32 in Lauri et al. 2012]. |
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