| trabecular meshwork | The trabecular meshwork is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea) [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_meshwork]. | — |
| tooth | 1: One of the hard bony appendages that are borne on the jaws or in many of the lower vertebrates on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx and serve especially for the prehension and mastication of food and as weapons of offense and defense.n2: Any of various usually hard and sharp processes especially about the mouth of an invertebrate [Brenda]. | — |
| tonsil | The human palatine tonsils and the nasopharyngeal tonsil are lymphoepithelial tissues located in strategic areas of the oropharynx and nasopharynx, although most commonly, the term tonsils refers to the palatine tonsils that can be seen in the back of the throat [Brenda]. | faucial tonsil |
| tongue | A fleshy movable process of the floor of the mouths of most vertebrates that bears sensory end organs and small glands and functions especially in taking and swallowing food and in humans as a speech organ [Brenda]. | — |
| thyroid | The thyroid gland or simply, the thyroid (ËθaɪrÉɪd ...), in vertebrate anatomy, is one of the largest endocrine glands. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below the thyroid cartilage (which forms the laryngeal prominence, or "Adam's apple"). The isthmus (the bridge between the two lobes of the thyroid) is located inferior to the cricoid cartilage [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid]. | — |
| thymus | A glandular structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions especially in the development of the body's immune system, is present in the young of most vertebrates typically in the upper anterior chest or at the base of the neck, and tends to atrophy in the adult [Brenda]. | — |
| thorax | 1: The part of the mammalian body between the neck and the abdomen; also: its cavity in which the heart and lungs lie.n2: The middle of the three chief divisions of the body of an insect; also: the corresponding part of a crustacean or an arachnid [Brenda]. | — |
| thoracic wall | The thoracic wall (or chest wall) is the boundary of the thoracic cavity. The bony portion is known as the thoracic cage. However, the wall also includes muscle, skin, and fascia [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_wall]. | — |
| thoracic muscle | The main thoracic muscles consist of the intercostal muscles, diaphragm and transversus thoracis and plays a role in breathing [http://www.kidport.com/reflib/science/HumanBody/MuscularSystem/ThoracicMuscles.htm]. | — |
| third ventricle | The third ventricle (ventriculus tertius) is one of four connected fluid-filled cavities comprising the ventricular system within the human brain. It is a median cleft between the two thalami, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_ventricle]. | — |
| thalamus | The largest subdivision of the diencephalon that consists chiefly of an ovoid mass of nuclei in each lateral wall of the third ventricle and functions in the integration of sensory information [Brenda]. | — |
| testis | A typically paired male reproductive gland that produces sperm and that in most mammals is contained within the scrotum at sexual maturity [Brenda]. | — |
| tendon | A tough cord or band of dense white fibrous connective tissue that unites a muscle with some other part (as a bone) and transmits the force which the muscle exerts [Brenda]. | — |
| temporal lobe | One of the two parietal lobes of the brain located behind the frontal lobe at the top of the brain. Parietal Lobe, Right - Damage to this area can cause visuo-spatial deficits (for example, the patient may have difficulty finding their way around new, or even familiar, places). Parietal Lobe, Left - Damage to this area may disrupt a patient's ability to understand spoken and/or written language. The parietal lobes contain the primary sensory cortex which controls sensation (touch, pressure). Behind the primary sensory cortex is a large association area that controls fine sensation (judgment of texture, weight, size, shape) [Brenda]. | — |
| T regulatory cell | Regulatory T cells (Treg), sometimes known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells which downregulates the immune system, maintains tolerance to self-antigens, and downregulates autoimmune disease. Mouse models have suggested that modulation of Tregs can treat autoimmune disease and cancer, and facilitate organ transplantation [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_T_cell]. | — |
| T cells | T cells or T lymphocytes belong to a group of white blood cells known as lymphocytes, and play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus, and thus, can also be called thymocytes. There are several subsets of T cells, each with a distinct function [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell]. | — |
| T cell progenitor | T cells begin their development as a proginotor with the bone marrow but complete their differentiation with the thymus [Awong et al., 2011: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21622245]. T cell progenitors are CD34+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells which can be isolated from the blood or the bone marrow [Daniel Wuttke]. | — |
| T cell | T cells or T lymphocytes belong to a group of white blood cells known as lymphocytes, and play a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus, and thus, can also be called thymocytes. There are several subsets of T cells, each with a distinct function [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell]. | — |
| synovium | The dense connective-tissue membrane that secretes synovial fluid and that lines the ligamentous surfaces of articular capsules, tendon sheaths where free movement is necessary, and bursae [Brenda]. | — |
| synapse | In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell (neural or otherwise). The word "synapse" comes from "synaptein", which Sir Charles Scott Sherrington and colleagues coined from the Greek "syn-" ("together") and "haptein" ("to clasp") [Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse]. | — |
| sympathetic chain | Either of the pair of ganglionated longitudinal cords of the sympathetic nervous system of which one is situated on each side of the spinal column [Brenda]. | — |
| sweat gland | A simple tubular gland of the skin that secretes perspiration, is widely distributed in nearly all parts of the human skin, and consists typically of an epithelial tube extending spirally from a minute pore on the surface of the skin into the dermis or subcutaneous tissues where it ends in a convoluted tuft [Brenda]. | — |
| supraspinal nucleus | A transverse section across the lower medulla oblongata intersects the dorsal, lateral and ventral funiculi, which are continuous with their counterparts in the spinal cord. The ventral funiculi are separated from the central grey matter by corticospinal fibres, which cross in the pyramidal decussation to reach the contralateral lateral funiculi. The decussation displaces the central grey matter and central canal dorsally. Continuity between the ventral grey column and central grey matter, which is maintained throughout the spinal cord, is lost. The column subdivides into the supraspinal nucleus (continuous above with that of the hypoglossal nerve), which is the efferent source of the first cervical nerve, and the spinal nucleus of the accessory nerve, which provides some spinal accessory fibres and merges rostrally with the nucleus ambiguus [Gray's Anatomy]. | — |
| supraoptic nucleus | A sharply defined nucleus of nerve cells in the anterior hypothalamic region, immediately above the lateral part of the optic chiasm; many of its cells are neurosecretory in function, secreting vasopressin, which is carried to the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) by the fibers of the supraopticohypophysial tract; other cells are osmoreceptors, which respond to increased osmotic pressure to signal the release of vasopressin by the neurohypophysis [Brenda]. | — |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus | A small group of neurons situated immediately dorsal to the optic chiasma in the anterior hypothalamus [Brenda]. | — |
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